It was prepared by claudia sobrevila, senior biodiversity specialist in the environment department of the world bank. Churetarai madhesh landscape, nepal from biodiversity research perspective. Malayan biogeographical regions merge in nepal and the major floristic provinces of asia the sinojapanese, indian, western and central asiatic, southeast asiatic and african indian desert overlap to create a unique and rich terrestrial biodiversity. Onfarm management of agricultural biodiversity in nepal.
The entire area of 14,000 ha of which 9,100 ha lying in india and rest in nepal will be acquired for construction of the both dams. Cfugs in other parts of the country could also embark. Higher fauna groups have been relatively well studied. Merge pdf files combine pdfs in the order you want with the easiest pdf. Pdf nepal is a mountainous country in the central himalayas, which occupies about one third of 800 km of the entire length of the. Chitwan national park is the first national park in nepal. This diversity can be attributed to the vast variety of landforms and climates resulting in habitats ranging from tropical to temperate, and from alpine to desert. The number of fauna species in nepal is relatively high. Nepal s unique biodiversity is a result of its unique geography and climatic variations. As nepal is endowed with rich biological diversity, it has tremendous potential in reshaping peoples livelihood and economic base of the country. May 04, 20 mountains are a dominant feature of nepals physical landscape. Current status of community forestry in nepal by keshav raj kanel, ph.
Nepal and the surrounding himalayan region are particularly vulnerable to climate. Six large mammal species have been discovered in the last 12. Pdf an overview of the biodiversity in nepal researchgate. This has prompted further division of nepal into 3 subsectors. Biodiversity conservancy nepal is a notforprofit research institution promoting biodiversity conservation and sustainable. Nepal alone claims eight out of the top ten tallest mountains in the world, including mount everest 8,848 m. In an effort to promote biodiversity conservation, nepal has prepared the national conservation strategy, 1988, nepal biodiversity strategy, 2002 and its implementation plan 2006. National adaptation program of actions to climate change and agro biodiversity management in nepal hari dahal ministry of agriculture and cooperatives kathmandu, nepal. Pdf an overview of the biodiversity in nepal prakash.
Nepals biodiversity is a reflection of its unique geographic position, wide altitudinal variations and diverse climatic conditions that result in five main physiographic zones from tropical to nival within a. Combining geomatics and conventional methods for monitoring forest. Nepal is also a party to the convention on biological diversity cbd, 1992 and has submitted five reports to the cbd. Agency for international development nepal mission by world wildlife fund nepal in. Nepals rich biodiversity under threat the himalayan times. The impact of the maoist government conflict on conservation and biodiversity in nepal 1 1.
As nepal is endowed with rich biological diversity. The hindu kushhimalayas hkh is a dynamic landscape with a rich and remarkable biodiversity pei 1995. In the largest study of its kind, an international research team found that communityforest management led to a 37% rela. Deputy director general chief, community forestry division department of forest kathmandu, nepal submitted to regional. Managing diversity and promoting its benefits iv institutionalizing the process 91 good practices of communitybased onfarm management of agricultural biodiversity in nepal. Biodiversity conservation in nepal convention biological diversity. In terms of biodiversity, nepal is one of the richest countries in the world due to the unique variety of species found there. The book includes a set of communitybased management practices of agricultural biodiversity such as participatory four cell analysis that allows analysis of the amount and distribution of local crop diversity and farmers rationale of such distribution. Background agro biodiversity has a significant role for the food security. Numerous side ranges and shoulders extend in all directions from the main himalayan chain. Biodiversity of terrestrial, freshwater and marine, the protected areas of the country and the importance of national biodiversity authority. Nepals elevation ranges from about 197 feet above the sea level to the highest point on earth mount everest, at 29,028 feet.
Conservation and use of medicinal and aromatic plants in. Nepal is a fantastic place for agriculture with its rich variety of biodiversity and topographic regions encouraging a vast array of crops. In nepal, animals and birds of one geographical region are different from those in another. The impact of climate change on biodiversity in nepal. Community incentives to reduce land use conflict and conserve biodiversity in nepal 5 can be undertaken in other buffer zone areas. It is part of the nepal biodiversity yearbook project, which aims to annually update information on the countrys biodiversity from 2006 onwards. It borders tibet in the north and northeast, bhutan in the east, nepal in the west, and west bengal in the south. Th e knowledge of genetic diversity of plants is poor in nepal.
Includes the entire indian himalayan region and that falling in pakistan, tibet, nepal, bhutan, china and myanmar 2. Biodiversity loss, also called loss of biodiversity, a decrease in biodiversity within a species, an ecosystem, a given geographic area, or earth as a whole. Aspects and prospects of farm animal biodiversity conservation in nepal. Nepals biodiversity is a reflection of its unique geographic position, wide altitudinal variations and diverse climatic conditions that result in five main physiographic zones from tropical to nival within a short horizontal span. Biodiversity areas and linkages the government of nepal has identified landscape level planning and conservation as a broad strategy to conserve biodiversity. May 06, 2019 ann arborgiving local communities in nepal the opportunity to manage their forests has simultaneously reduced deforestation and poverty in the region, new research has shown. Nepal fifth national report to convention on biological diversity page v status and trends of and threats to biodiversity nepals unique geography with its dramatic changes in elevation along the relatively short northsouth span and the associated high variability in ecoclimatic conditions has resulted in a uniquely. Six large mammal species have been discovered in the last 12 years. It contains over 7 per cent of the worlds biodiversity on 2.
An overview of the biodiversity in nepal springerlink. Description the agro biodiversity policy of nepal has the vision to conserve and sustainable use of agricultural genetic resources materials and associated traditional knowledge with the. Sikkim is also located close to indias siliguri corridor near bangladesh. This article is concerned with factors contributing to agrobiodiversityloss in nepal. Nepal biodiversity strategy, 2002 national agriculture policy, 2004 agro biodiversity. Executive summary usaiduganda is developing a new, multiyear strategy for us bilateral development assistance to. Indeed, nepal is leading the way on numerous conservation fronts, both in the region and worldwide. Jan 31, 2015 this figure is corroborated by the biodiversity profile project 1995 ranking nepal as having the tenth richest flowering plant diversity in asia. Final technical report of the hariyo ban program, first phase. The main objective of the study was to look at the land cover and ecosystem changes due to natural process of river course change and its potential impacts on the biodiversity of the reserve.
Strategy for conserving biodiversity in nepal kunjani joshi and ananda r. Introduction development projects conceived now are rarely expected to have a life of more than. Along with forest policy, it is fundamental to redesign the new forest act, national parks and wildlife. Owing to its greatly varied geographical, geomorphological, and climatic conditions, nepal occupies the most diverse ecosystem in the world. Apart from the mountains, deep gorges, river valleys and the flat lands it provides a unique assemblage of very different habitats and a great biodiversity within a small geographical area. Nepal biodiversity resource book the purpose of this report is to update and verify information on nepal s biodiversity, last recorded in 1996. National adaptation program of actions to climate change.
India has tremendous biodiversity, genetic as well as of species and ecosystems. Moest ministry of environment, science and technology mofsc ministry of forests and soil conservation mope ministry of population and environment narc nepal agriculture research council nast nepal academy of science and technology nbcc national biodiversity coordination committee nbf nepal biosafety framework. The hindu kushhimalayas hkh is a dynamic landscape with a rich and remarkable biodiversity. Guidelines for biodiversity assessment and monitoring for. Sherpaamong the greatest conservationists nepal has ever knownwho were taken far too soon.
Page 2 national agrobiodiversity policy of nepal national agro biodiversity policy 1. The main objective of the study was to look at the land cover and ecosystem changes due to natural process of river course change and its potential impacts on the biodiversity. Nepal is rich in biodiversity and ecosystem services due to its diverse topography. In terms of biodiversity there are 118 distinct ecosystems in the different physiographic zones of the country. For example, yarshaghumba cordyceps sinensis and the one. Along with forest policy, it is fundamental to redesign the new forest act.
Nepal as a contracting party to the convention on biological diversity cbd is committed for making a significant reduction in the rate of loss of biodiversity. Community forest management reduces both deforestation and. It also presents the past efforts and achievements in biodiversity conservation. It has provided a firm foundation both for this assessment and for usaid nepal. There is evidence that climate change is already affecting the biodiversity and weakening the livelihood assets. Hence the biodiversity component aims to strengthen governance in natural resource management, improve livelihoods of forest dependent communities and improve local stewardship in conserving natural resources. Linking spatiotemporal land cover change to biodiversity. Climate change and its implications for mountain 2 biodiversity, are recently receiving priority for biodiversity conservation in global agendas. Institute of global agriculture and technology transfer igatt, fort collins, co, usa. Sep 10, 2011 nepal is a mountainous country in the central himalayas, which occupies about one third of 800 km of the entire length of the himalayan mountain range.
There are over 6500 species of flowering plants, over 1500 fungi species, over 350. Jan 15, 2014 in a world marked by climate change, biodiversity is important for food security. Research undertaken in the late 1970s and early 1980s documented 5067 species of. The history of nepal s oldest book shop date back to 1939 a. This strategy is the result of extensive consultations with a variety of stakeholders over a considerable period of time. This report climate change and agrobiodiversity in nepal. Chapter biodiversity of entomofauna with reference to. There is evidence that climate change is already affecting the biodiversity and weakening the livelihood assets of poor and marginalised communities. Usaids 2012 assessment identified several areas where. Apart from the mountains, deep gorges, river valleys and the flat lands it provides a unique. Sushil koirala government of nepal is committed to the conservation and sustainable utilization of biodiversity for the prosperity of its people and the nation. Governance outcomes on biodiversity and local livelihoods.
The country is considered a biodiversity hotspot, with nearly a quarter of the land area located in protected areas. Nepal biodiversity resource book download ebook pdf. And the biodiversity act 2002 was promulgated in the parliament to follow up the. Introduction the following study was carried out in nepal between august 18, 2004 and. The cbd was ratified by nepalese parliament on november 23, 1993, and enforced in nepal since february 21, 1994. The role of indigenous peoples in biodiversity conservation. Formerly called royal chitwan national park it was established in 1973 and granted the status of a world heritage site in 1984. Pdf biodiversity conservation in nepal ministry of forests and. Protected areas, ramsar sites, and world heritage sites builds upon the earlier biodiversity profiles of nepal 1996 to update all available information, published as well as verified in the field, about biodiversity in nepal. National adaptation program of actions to climate change and.
The lower elevational zones are dominated by sal trees which gradually merge into pine and oak mixed forests in the upper ridges pda, 2015. Western terai landscape complex project conservation. This 118119 analysis was unusually thorough and well done. Biodiversity hotspots indoburma encompassing more than 2 million km. Urbanization, habitat and biodiversity decline expected endemic loss im 24. Biodiversity conservation in nepal and biodiversity are also considered as the concurrent matters of all three governments considering the properties and characteristics of the forest and biodiversity resources. Tableofcontents acknowledgements iii foreword officeincharge,unepworldconservation monitoringcentre iv foreword vicechairman,nationalplanningcommission v foreword. Nepal is a mountainous country in the central himalayas, which occupies about one third of 800 km of the entire length of the himalayan mountain range. Notes on needs of conservation of biodiversity grade 10. The report presents the scenario of biodiversity in nepal and its status and trends. Nepal has seen much success in conserving biodiversity and forests over the past 40 years, however threats such as grazing, encroachment, over exploitation and illegal exploitation of biological resources persist. Click download or read online button to get nepal biodiversity. The hariyo ban program recognizes the key role that local communities play in biodiversity conservation.
Sikkim is the least populous and second smallest among the indian states. In an effort to promote biodiversity conservation, nepal has prepared the national conservation strategy, 1988, nepal biodiversity. The state of nepals biodiversity for food and agriculture bk joshi, ak acharya, d. Onfarm conservation of agricultural biodiversity in nepal. The national biodiversity authority was established in 2003 in accordance with the biodiversity act 2002. Altogether, 342 plant species and 160 animal species have been reported as being endemic to nepal. Opportunities to include agrobiodiversity maintenance to support nepals national adaptation programme of action napa is an attempt to ensure a role for agrobiodiversity in nepals napa. Uganda biodiversity and tropical forest assessment report. Uganda biodiversity and tropical forest assessment v. Several international treaties regulate adaptation, access to and sharing of plant genetic resources.
There are various types of flora and fauna found in nepal. Joshi bioresources which are essential to maintain t he ecological process and life support system, and. Biodiversity conservancy nepal biocon is a notforprofit research institution promoting biodiversity conservation and sustainable development in nepal. A part of the eastern himalaya, sikkim is notable for its biodiversity. Project summary this project assesses biodiversity of crops, pests, pollinators, decomposers, and alien invasive species linked to agricultural resilience and sustainable pest control across an altitude transect in the chitwanannapurna landscape chal of central nepal. The flora of nepal is one of the richest in the world due to the diverse climate, topology and geography of the country. Climate change is becoming one of the major environmental issues in nepal. Nepal biodiversity resource book be the change you wish to see. With 20 protected zones covering over 34,000 square km or 23 percent of nepals total landmass it now ranks second in asia for the percentage of protected surface area relative to land size. Select multiple pdf files and merge them in seconds. The aim of this paper is to analyse the causes ofagro biodiversity loss and draw out some concrete recommendations. The nepal biodiversity strategy records the understanding reached between the government and the people of nepal on the thrust and direction to be taken over the next twenty years to protect and manage nepals biodiversity.
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